低温卸车臂与卸车增压器Cryogenic unloading arm and booster
槽车装卸的低温接口成套设备：低温装卸臂（AL2543B5）、拉断阀、氮气吹扫与静电接地，LNG、液氧、液氮通用。Cryogenic loading-arm package: model AL2543B5 arm, breakaway valve, nitrogen purge and static earthing, for LNG / LOX / LN₂.
产品概述Product overview
装卸臂把低温法兰的人工对接变成机械臂对接：立柱下端底板用四根螺栓固定在装车平台，液相臂与气体回收臂在复式滚道旋转接头上自由回转，弹簧缸平衡垂管与外臂的重力矩，拉断阀在意外拉扯时先行断开。一人可完成对接，低温暴露与结霜风险随之压下去。The arm turns hand-bolted cryogenic flanges into a guided connection: column bolted to the loading platform, liquid and vapour-recovery arms riding on compound-race swivels, spring cylinders balancing arm weight, breakaway valve releasing first under accidental pull.
转动灵活，密封才稳：旋转接头内外圈复式滚道由精密数控车床一次加工，内圈不锈钢密封面与外圈 T235 调质件均做镜面抛光，PTFE 密封圈长期使用不漏；全臂 304 不锈钢，工艺管线全部 TIG 氩弧焊，焊缝经探伤达Ⅱ级以上。Swivels turned in one CNC pass, mirror-polished sealing faces, PTFE seals; 304 stainless body with full TIG welding and NDT class II or better on every line.
槽车压力不足时配卸车增压器，空温式或水浴式均可，与臂、软管同批交付，接口一次配齐。Where trailer pressure runs low, an ambient or water-bath booster is supplied with the arm and hose as one package.
工作原理：低温鹤管的三处关节Working principle: three joints of a cryogenic loading arm
装卸臂（鹤管）把槽车与站内管路连起来，靠三个旋转关节实现三维运动：底部回转、中间俯仰、末端对接。每个关节既是运动部件，也是密封部件——低温下密封材料收缩、润滑失效，这里是整台设备最容易出问题的地方。A loading arm connects the trailer to the station pipework through three swivel joints: base rotation, mid-arm elevation and the final coupling. Each joint is both a bearing and a seal, and at cryogenic temperature seals shrink and lubricants stop working — which is where these arms fail.
低温鹤管还要处理“冷缩”：不锈钢管路从常温降到 −162 ℃ 会明显缩短，必须靠关节与补偿结构吸收，否则应力会传到法兰与焊缝。因此安装时的冷态预调、支撑位置与配重都很关键。Cryogenic arms must also absorb contraction: stainless pipe shortens appreciably from ambient to −162 °C, and the joints plus compensation must take it up, or the stress reaches flanges and welds. Cold-state pre-setting, support position and counterbalance therefore matter.
安全设计包括：紧急脱离装置（拉断阀或断裂螺栓）、快速切断、静电接地、以及对接时的密封与锁紧。拉断时先切断、后脱离，是必须验证的联锁动作。Safety features include an emergency release (breakaway coupling or shear bolts), quick shut-off, static earthing, and a sealed, locked connection. Shut-off before release is an interlock that must be proven, not assumed.
结构组成What is on the skid
核心优势Why this design
- 转动灵活：复式滚道数控一次加工，单人牵引即可对接。Free rotation: one-pass CNC races, single-operator hook-up.
- 密封可靠：镜面密封面配 PTFE 密封圈，长周期不漏。Reliable sealing: polished faces and PTFE rings.
- 安全兜底：拉断阀先行断开，氮气吹扫防结霜。Safety first: breakaway releases, N₂ purge prevents icing.
- 材质留痕：304 全臂、TIG 焊接、探伤Ⅱ级。Material on record: 304 body, TIG welds, NDT class II.
四件做到位，设备才站得稳Four things done right
调压器、切断阀、过滤器按工况选型，出厂做全性能测试，压力稳得住。
管路、阀组与仪表厂内一次组对、试压，现场接上进出口就能投用。
超压切断与放散、温度与浓度监控、自动运行，异常先切后报。
每台带检验试验状态标识、检验记录与检验报告，跟设备一起交到现场。
产品实拍Product photos
卸车撬（卸气柱）· 接口与管路Unloading skid — connection and piping 点击图片放大查看。 Click to enlarge.
技术参数Technical data
| 型号Model | AL2543B5AL2543B5 |
|---|---|
| 适用介质Medium | LNG / LOX / LN₂（系列可扩至液氩、液氨）LNG / LOX / LN₂ (LAr, NH₃ on request) |
| 工作压力Working pressure | 0.6 MPa0.6 MPa |
| 设计温度Design temperature | −196 ℃ ~ +200 ℃−196 °C to +200 °C |
| 公称口径Nominal bore | DN50 / DN50（液相 / 气相）DN50 / DN50 (liquid / vapour) |
| 入口法兰Inlet flange | HG20592-09B DN80 PN16 WN/RFHG20592-09B DN80 PN16 WN/RF |
| 接车法兰Truck flange | HG20599-09 DN50 PN25 PJ/SEHG20599-09 DN50 PN25 PJ/SE |
以上为该机型出厂数据；臂数、臂长、回转范围与接车形式按装车平台和槽车间距定制，参数以合同技术文件为准。Data is for this model; arm count, reach, slewing range and coupling are customised to the platform and trailer spacing.
选型与计算要点Selection points
适用工况Typical duties
适合什么工况，什么情况不适用Where it fits, and where it does not
这套设备适合Best for
- 快速接头连接，卸车准备时间短Quick coupling keeps set-up short
- 设吹扫置换接口，作业前后可置换Purge connections before and after transfer
- 拉断保护，意外脱离自动切断Breakaway protection closes on separation
- 可与计量段组合，用于交接核对Can include a metering run for custody check
需要提前确认的边界Check before ordering
- 接口标准需与槽车一致，不同车型需配转换接头Coupling must match the truck; adaptors may be needed
- 作业需专人操作、静电接地检查Trained operator and static earthing check required
- 软管属易损件，需按周期检查更换Hoses are wear items and need periodic inspection
标准配置Standard configuration
以上为常规配置，实际随机组按工况与用户管网条件确定，可按需增减。Standard scope shown; final scope is set by duty and network conditions, and can be adjusted.
主要零部件Main components
零部件的品牌与型号按项目技术要求与用户指定品牌确定，页内不限定具体厂家。Brand and model are fixed by project specification and the user's approved vendor list.
常见问题FAQ
关节处结霜正常吗？Is frost at a joint normal?
轻微结霜常见；持续结霜并伴有滴液说明密封已磨损，需要更换。不要用加热强行化霜，会加剧密封损坏。Light frosting is common; continuous frosting with dripping means the seal is worn and needs renewal. Do not force it with heat — that accelerates seal damage.
多久需要检修密封？How often are seals serviced?
按装卸次数与泄漏检查结果确定，通常每年至少检查一次，频繁作业的场合更短。检修记录要留下。By loading count and leak checks, typically at least annually and more often with heavy use. Keep the service records.
可以用于其他介质吗？Can it handle other media?
结构与材质相近，但密封与清洁度要求随介质变化；氧气或氢气场合不能直接沿用 LNG 的配置。Similar in structure, but seals and cleanliness change with the medium; oxygen or hydrogen service cannot reuse an LNG configuration as-is.
拉断阀动作后还能用吗？Is the breakaway reusable after tripping?
多数型号可复位，但要检查密封面与切断阀，并按厂家要求做压力试验后才能继续使用。Most types can be reset, but the sealing faces and shut-off must be inspected and pressure-tested as the maker requires before reuse.
安装要注意什么？What matters at installation?
基础水平、支撑位置、冷态预调与接地。基础不平会让关节长期承受偏载，是早期泄漏的常见原因。Level foundation, support position, cold-state adjustment and earthing. An uneven base loads the joints permanently and is a common cause of early leakage.
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